{"id":3308,"date":"2025-10-05T04:28:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-05T04:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/?page_id=3308"},"modified":"2025-10-05T04:32:48","modified_gmt":"2025-10-05T04:32:48","slug":"fb-primary-031-manuscript","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript","title":{"rendered":"Manuscript No. 031"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3308\" class=\"elementor elementor-3308\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e028095 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e028095\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfe59ce e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"cfe59ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"217995726\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957261\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957261\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tManuscript \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957262\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957262\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranscription \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957263\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957263\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranslation \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957264\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957264\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCommentary \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957261\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957261\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-24383e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"24383e1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6acc910 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6acc910\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Date:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">\u00a0 1538, April 8. Valladolid, Spain<br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Theme:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Within the rural district of Santo Domingo City there were some areas with populations of 100 Spaniards\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">and 600\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">\u201cBlacks and Indians,\u201d while sugar estates had about 100 individuals of the same categories\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">and there was a need for constables there to prosecute and punish crimes.<br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Source:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20240813130359\/http:\/\/pares.mcu.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PARES,\u00a0<\/a><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pares.mcu.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211; Archivo General de ndias,SANTO_DOMINGO,868,L.1, Imagen\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">N\u00fam: 258\/588 \u2013 259\/588,<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">F.125V- 126R.<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2043d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f2043d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Manuscript-031_HGIceTP.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Manuscript-031_HGIceTP.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957262\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957262\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7b71c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7b71c5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf3b5df elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bf3b5df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Transcription-031_LiWatCa.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Transcription-031_LiWatCa.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957263\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957263\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b653ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b653ca\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5825097 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5825097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1538, April 8. Valladolid, Spain.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Theme: Within the rural district of Santo Domingo City there were some areas with populations of 100 Spaniards<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and 600\u00a0 \u201cBlacks and Indians,\u201d while sugar estates had about 100 individuals of the same categories<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559731&quot;:720}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and there was a need for constables there to prosecute and punish crimes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559685&quot;:720}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source: PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211; Archivo General de ndias,SANTO_DOMINGO,868,L.1, Imagen<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">N\u00fam: 258\/588 \u2013 259\/588,F.125V- 126R.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><table data-tablestyle=\"MsoNormalTable\" data-tablelook=\"1184\" aria-rowcount=\"2\"><tbody><tr aria-rowindex=\"1\"><td data-celllook=\"0\"><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[fo. 125v.]<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The city of santo \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Domingo \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/td><td data-celllook=\"0\"><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Queen\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">president and oidores of our royal audiencia \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and [chancellorship ] of La Espa\u00f1ola island \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sebasti\u00e1n Rodr\u00edguez in the name of the city \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of santo Domingo of that said island has sent me \/\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a report\u00a0 [saying] that since some of villages that \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">were adjacent to the said city have depopulated, \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">which were the villages of Buena Ventura and Santa\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cruz de Aycagua, its lands as a result have expanded \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">very much, so that there are places \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that have more than forty leagues and thus in those \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">there are plenty of\u00a0 river banks and populated valleys where \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">there is congregation from gathering in some of them more \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">than one hundred Spaniards and six hundred\u00a0 blacks and \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Indians, and this without the sugar mills\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in each of which at least more than\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">one hundred and fifty Spaniards and blacks and other\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">peoples reside that arrive [in them] from the nearby areas \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">out of respect for the clerics that reside in them.\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[He also reported] that\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">it has been evident and each day is evident how convenient it is \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that the said city has authority to provide \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alcaldes<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for its districts\u00a0 so the latter look into \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the things that in those <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ingenios<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, river banks and\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">settlements may occur in civil trials and in the \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">criminal trials, so that they may conduct the inquiry and \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">capture and proceed against the culprits until \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">determining the causes, in so far as it is not\u00a0 a case that includes \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">blood letting nor mutilation of a limb \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nor lashes,\u00a0 and that things of this nature and more \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">serious they should submit them with the inquiries \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and detainees to the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ordinarios<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0 This as to the Spaniards,\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">but for the black slaves they should have full jurisdiction \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and these <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alcaldes<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> must be appointed at the beginning of each year.\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">And that it seems that it would suffice that there were two\u00a0 <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alcaldes<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \/\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr aria-rowindex=\"2\"><td data-celllook=\"0\"><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[fo. 126r.]<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/td><td data-celllook=\"0\"><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">126 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">blood letting nor mutilation of a limb \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nor lashes,\u00a0 and that things of this nature and more \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">serious they should submit them with the inquiries \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and detainees to the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ordinarios<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0 This as to the Spaniards,\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">but for the black slaves they should have full jurisdiction \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and these <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alcaldes<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> must be appointed at the beginning of each year.\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">And that it seems that it would suffice that there were two\u00a0 <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alcaldes<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">for all the districts, \/ and [he] implored that I be pleased to mandate for it to be so done \/ or whatever my desire was, which after being seeing by those of our council of the Indies it was agreed that I should mandate to issue this my letter for you.\u00a0 And I deemed it good, and thus I \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">mandate you to become informed and to learn about the need \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">there is for the said <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alcaldes<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to be appointed, and whether\u00a0 \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">it may [not] be convenient to have them for the administration of justice in those districts where there may be a gathering of Spaniards \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">or blacks or Indians.\u00a0\u00a0 You must act on it in the way see fit \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">so that those people may be held in justice\/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and the damages and crimes that might occur may be avoided. \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">And if you were to agree to appoint persons to be in charge \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of the administration of justice, be aware that they must \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">be among the same that were to reside in the said settlements \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and that they use the posts for the time and with \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">limitations that you were to grant them, and provided that the appeals \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">introduced by them\u00a0 or the submissions they may do \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">arrive at that <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">audiencia<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> immediately.\u00a0 Issued in the village of Valladolid on eight days of the month of April of MDXXXVIII years. \/<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I the Queen. Signed and certified by the said ones.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2179957264\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2179957264\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3db82c7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3db82c7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfdfe17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dfdfe17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Date:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">\u00a0 1538, April 8. Valladolid, Spain.<br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Theme:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Within the rural district of Santo Domingo City there were some areas with populations of 100 Spaniards\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">and 600\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">\u201cBlacks and Indians,\u201d while sugar estates had about 100 individuals of the same categories\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">and there was a need for constables there to prosecute and punish crimes.<br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Source: PARES,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211; Archivo General de ndias,SANTO_DOMINGO,868,L.1, Imagen\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">N\u00fam: 258\/588 \u2013 259\/588,<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\"><strong>F.125V- 126R.<\/strong><br \/><br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">Possibly during\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">late 1537 or the first months of 1538, the members of the city council of Santo Domingo sent a delegate to the Spanish Court to communicate to the king that early colonial settlements of La Espa\u00f1ola like Buena Ventura and Santa Cruz de Aycagua [<em>sic<\/em>] whose districts were adjacent to that of Santo Domingo City had vanished, and as a result their lands been incorporated into the latter.\u00a0 Reportedly this had allowed some individuals to acquire up to 40 leagues of land, including areas with populations of \u201cmore than a hundred Spaniards and six hundred Blacks and Indians, and this without the sugar estates in each of which reside at least more than one hundred Spaniards and Blacks and other people that arrive at them from the neighboring areas out of respect for the clergy that reside in them.\u201d\u00a0<br \/><br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">The council members requested that power be given to the council to appoint constables-judges (\u201c<em>alcaldes<\/em>\u201d) within the territories of their district so that these could prosecute criminals and administer justice in those areas both in civil as well as criminal matters that do not require bleeding, amputation\/mutilation or flogging, which should be instead sent to\u00a0<em>alcaldes hordinarios<\/em>\u00a0in the case of Spanish suspects. But for accusations involving Black slaves, the council argued, the\u00a0<em>alcaldes<\/em>\u00a0should have full jurisdiction. Two\u00a0alcaldes\u00a0would be enough \u201cfor all the districts.\u201d\u00a0<br \/><br \/><\/span><span class=\"No_0020Spacing__Char\">The Council of the Indies recommended for the king to proceed as requested and in his letter the king authorized the Audiencia of Santo Domingo to appoint the said\u00a0<em>alcaldes<\/em>\u00a0\u201cin these areas where there is mingling of Spaniards or Blacks or Indians\u201d or in whichever way they saw fit, appointing them among residents of those places, and provided that appeals would be sent to the\u00a0<em>Audiencia<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1538, April 8. Valladolid, SpainTheme:\u00a0Within the rural district of Santo Domingo City there were some areas with populations of 100 Spaniards\u00a0and 600\u00a0\u201cBlacks and Indians,\u201d while sugar estates had about 100 individuals of the same categories\u00a0and there was a need for constables there to prosecute and punish crimes.Source:\u00a0PARES,\u00a0Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211; [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2721,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3308","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Manuscript No. 031 - First Blacks in The Americas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Manuscript No. 031 - First Blacks in The Americas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1538, April 8. Valladolid, SpainTheme:\u00a0Within the rural district of Santo Domingo City there were some areas with populations of 100 Spaniards\u00a0and 600\u00a0\u201cBlacks and Indians,\u201d while sugar estates had about 100 individuals of the same categories\u00a0and there was a need for constables there to prosecute and punish crimes.Source:\u00a0PARES,\u00a0Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211; [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"First Blacks in The Americas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-05T04:32:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"11 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\",\"name\":\"Manuscript No. 031 - First Blacks in The Americas\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-05T04:28:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-05T04:32:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Manuscripts\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/manuscripts\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Manuscript No. 031\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/\",\"name\":\"First Blacks in The Americas\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"First Blacks in The Americas\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/dsi-logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/dsi-logo.jpg\",\"width\":240,\"height\":52,\"caption\":\"First Blacks in The Americas\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Manuscript No. 031 - First Blacks in The Americas","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Manuscript No. 031 - First Blacks in The Americas","og_description":"Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1538, April 8. 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