{"id":2805,"date":"2025-07-29T16:09:34","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T16:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/?page_id=2805"},"modified":"2025-09-18T17:50:11","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T17:50:11","slug":"fb-primary-002-manuscript","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript","title":{"rendered":"Manuscript No. 002"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2805\" class=\"elementor elementor-2805\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ca091e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2ca091e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c56ff8 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"3c56ff8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"63270904\" aria-label=\"Pesta\u00f1as. Abre elementos con Intro o Espacio, ci\u00e9rralos con Escape y navega con las fechas.\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-632709041\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-632709041\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tManuscript \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-632709042\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-632709042\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranscription \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-632709043\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-632709043\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranslation \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-632709044\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-632709044\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCommentary \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-632709045\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-632709045\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tManuscript &amp; Transcription\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-632709041\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-632709041\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-7753e0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7753e0c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-048d9a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"048d9a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad<\/strong><br \/><strong>Theme: Recommended tax rate on sugar for La Espa\u00f1ola as part of an early colonial proposed tax regime. Sugar production in Iberian posessions at the time was associated with enslaved Black labor<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/pares.mcu.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211;Archivo General de Indias,\u00a0INDIFERENTE,418,L.1-113- Imagen N\u00fam:\u00a0112\u00a0\/378 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 115\/378.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84ce79e elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"84ce79e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/fb-res-002-manuscript.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/fb-res-002-manuscript.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-632709042\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-632709042\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97446a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"97446a2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38bcac5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"38bcac5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Transcription-002_ZzmnO6Q.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Transcription-002_ZzmnO6Q.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-632709043\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-632709043\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b9fd9a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7b9fd9a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6b44d6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6b44d6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86de101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86de101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>ate:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad<a class=\"footnotes-tooltip tooltip tooltipstered\" href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript\/translation\/#footer_footnote_1\" name=\"footnote_1\">[1]<\/a><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220705135229\/file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/astevens\/Downloads\/fb-primary-002-translation.doc#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><br \/><\/a>Theme: Recommended tax rate on cane sugar as part of an early tariff possibly devised in the Spanish\u00a0royal court for the new colony of La Espa\u00f1ola<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source: PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211;Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.1-113- Imagen N\u00fam:\u00a0112\u00a0\/378 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 115\/378.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td valign=\"top\" width=\"91\"><p>Image No. 112\/378<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<br \/><br \/><\/p><p>1501\/<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"20\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"556\"><p>Tariff of tithes and primicias \/<\/p><p>Tariff of tithes and primicias \/\u00a0<\/p><p>Tariff by which the King and the Queen our lords mandate that the tithes and primicias be paid and collected in the Espa\u00f1ola island and in the other islands and mainland of the Ocean Sea, in which the things on which a tithe and primicias must be paid are declared, and how they are to be collected \/<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td valign=\"top\" width=\"91\"><p>Image No.:<\/p><p>113\/378<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"20\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>r<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>r<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"556\"><p>[\u2026]<\/p><p>a tithe must be paid on the cane sugar, one out of ten canes, and he who were to collect it [the tithe] must require those who are in charge of the mills to mill for him the canes he may have collected as tithe, and be them obliged to mill them for him at once, and if there were a dispute between he who owned the mill and those who collect the tithe so that they give for milling more canes than they collected as tithe, be it the judgment of the tithe collector, the tithe collector is to be the judge \/<\/p><p>the canes must be milled with nothing being charged for them \/<\/p><p>[\u2026]<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p><div><hr \/><p><a class=\"footnote_anchor\" href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript\/translation\/#footnote_1\" name=\"footer_footnote_1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0 The copy of the document includes no date.\u00a0 We know the proposed tax schedule was prepared by Gaspar Gricio and that this copy appears in the archival bound volume between other documents dated in 1501.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-632709044\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-632709044\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e63e61 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7e63e61\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c8ba52 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c8ba52\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-098c043 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"098c043\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad<a class=\"footnotes-tooltip tooltip tooltipstered\" href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript\/commentary\/#footer_footnote_1\" name=\"footnote_1\">[1]<\/a><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220705115209\/file:\/\/\/E:\/First%20Blacks%20in%20the%20Americas\/new-website-construction-final\/primary-source-002\/fb-primary-002-comment.doc#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><br \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Theme: Recommended tax rate on sugar for La Espa\u00f1ola as part of an early colonial proposed tax regime. Sugar production in Iberian posessions at the time was associated with enslaved Black labor<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Source: PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211;Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.1-113- Imagen N\u00fam:\u00a0112\u00a0\/378 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 115\/378.<\/strong><\/p><div><p>By 1501 the Spanish Crown was already contemplating the production of cane-sugar as a viable and likely operation to implement on the island colony of La Espa\u00f1ola. This is evident from the inclusion of sugar-canes in a list of items expected to be used to pay the tithe \u201con the island of La Espa\u00f1ola and on the other islands and Tierra Firme\u201d apparently prepared by secretary of the Crown Gaspar Gricio. The \u201c tithe of sugar in canes\u201d\u00a0 was to be paid, as per the Crown\u2019s orders, in the form of one sugar cane\u00a0 per every ten harvested, the owners of sugar mills being obliged to mill\u00a0 the canes owed to the tithe collector for free.<\/p><p>As mentioned elsewhere, the fact that in 1501 the Spanish government was thinking of producing cane sugar in La Espa\u00f1ola made the importation of enslaved Black Africans to work in the cane fields and milling houses or\u00a0<em>ingenios<\/em>\u00a0of the colony all the more likely in the ensuing years and decades, since enslaved Blacks had been and were being used as the bulk of the sugar mill laborers in the Canary Islands and the Madeira Islands by the Spaniards and the Portuguese, respectively.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><hr \/><br \/><a class=\"footnote_anchor\" href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript\/commentary\/#footnote_1\" name=\"footer_footnote_1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0 The copy of the document includes no date.\u00a0 We know the proposed tax schedule was prepared by Gaspar Gricio and that this copy appears in the archival bound volume between other documents dated in 1501.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-632709045\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-632709045\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f9115d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f9115d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Manuscript &amp; Transcription Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00adTheme: Recommended tax rate on sugar for La Espa\u00f1ola as part of an early colonial proposed tax regime. Sugar production in Iberian posessions at the time was associated with enslaved Black laborSource:\u00a0PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles&#8211;Archivo General de Indias,\u00a0INDIFERENTE,418,L.1-113- Imagen N\u00fam:\u00a0112\u00a0\/378 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 115\/378. This [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2721,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2805","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Manuscript No. 002 - First Blacks in The Americas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/spn\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Manuscript No. 002 - First Blacks in The Americas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Manuscript &amp; Transcription Date:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00adTheme: Recommended tax rate on sugar for La Espa\u00f1ola as part of an early colonial proposed tax regime. 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