{"id":2514,"date":"2025-02-16T08:22:09","date_gmt":"2025-02-16T08:22:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/?p=2514"},"modified":"2025-02-16T08:27:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-16T08:27:13","slug":"black-women-present-in-la-espanola-as-early-as-black-men","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/summaries\/black-women-present-in-la-espanola-as-early-as-black-men","title":{"rendered":"Black women, present in La Espa\u00f1ola as early as black men"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2514\" class=\"elementor elementor-2514\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d2118a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8d2118a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f906cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f906cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Black women, present in La Espa\u00f1ola as early as black men<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03f0112 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03f0112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2516 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/25788408286_2e57a69e45_b-194x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/25788408286_2e57a69e45_b-194x300.jpg 194w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/25788408286_2e57a69e45_b-600x927.jpg 600w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/25788408286_2e57a69e45_b-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/25788408286_2e57a69e45_b.jpg 663w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/>The history of Black women in\u00a0sixteenth-century La Espa\u00f1ola is one of the\u00a0least researched aspects of the early history of Dominican society, and the same may probably be said about the society of the early colonial Americas in general.\u00a0Yet, we have some rough indications about their presence and impact during the 1500s. Black women of\u00a0African ancestry\u00a0were present and socially engaged\u00a0from\u00a0the inception of the colonization process of La Espa\u00f1ola.\u00a0<\/p><p>The second individual of Black-African ancestry\u00a0found in the historical record as living in La Espa\u00f1ola after Juan Moreno or Juan Prieto was an unnamed\u00a0Black woman whose presence in the new colony\u00a0dates from before\u00a01502.\u00a0Remembered as \u201cthe Black woman of the hospital,\u201d she was recalled for generations in colonial Santo Domingo as having been a healer who\u00a0provided medical assistance to poor people in\u00a0a\u00a0<em>boh\u00edo<\/em>\u00a0(hut) of her own before governor Ovando\u00a0built a\u00a0hospital precisely at the location where she practiced her healing services. The fact that she owned her own dwelling leads us to believe that she was probably a free person. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-060-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(See Manuscript No. 060)<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0And we now know that just two years later, in 1504, the Spanish Crown had formally agreed to and authorized the sending of enslaved Black women to La Espa\u00f1ola.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-016-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(See Manuscript No. 016)<\/a><\/p><p>We know that in the following decades the Spanish Crown\u00a0on several occasions continued to recommend the inclusion of females among the throngs of enslaved Blacks being sent to La Espa\u00f1ola.\u00a0There is evidence that during the first quarter of the sixteenth century,\u00a0the Spanish Crown was expressed in promoting the importing of enslaved Black-African women into La Espa\u00f1ola.\u00a0The intention was to\u00a0promote the creation of\u00a0Black families\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-022-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(See Manuscript No. 022)<\/a>\u00a0that would supposedly keep the male Black slaves\u2019 minds away from\u00a0rebelling against the slavery-based social order in place.\u00a0A formula of one Black woman for every three Black men was\u00a0repeatedly mentioned, and this particular ratio is particularly visible and confirmed in the inventories or lists of enslaved Black workers of cane-sugar mills that have survived from different points\u00a0in\u00a0the sixteenth-century.<\/p><p>\u00a0The existing archival sources tell us that a number of the settlers\u00a0who went on their own to venture into the colonization of the island\u00a0or other sites in the new colonies\u00a0took with them small numbers of enslaved Black women, reportedly to have them work for them as domestic slaves. They did this\u00a0either during their first trips to La Espa\u00f1ola or on ensuing trips. On a number of occasions,\u00a0free Black women traveled on their own volition\u00a0across the Atlantic to La Espa\u00f1ola\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-013-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(See Manuscripts No. 013<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-033-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 033<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-038-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 038<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-069-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 069)<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p><p>In records of La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s sugar-plantations\u00a0from the 1500s, we see Black women mentioned\u00a0as performing a number of tasks, usually associated with\u00a0cooking and\u00a0other chores.\u00a0And several enslaved Black women also appear in practically every inventory of household items as property of families or individuals of the urban-dwelling free population of colonists.\u00a0Members of the top political elite, plantation and business owners,\u00a0as well as\u00a0army officials, mostly Iberian and European, or their creole-born offspring, engaged in\u00a0this practice\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-011-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(See Manuscript No. 011)<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p><p>Every now and then we see references in the sources\u00a0to enslaved Black women being severely punished, or slated to be punished, for notably\u00a0confrontational and rebellious behavior,\u00a0including cases of suspected poisoning of masters\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-026-manuscript\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(See Manuscript No. 026)<\/a>\u00a0or arson against masters\u2019 real estate.\u00a0In a number of cases, the historical record shows some Black or mixed-race enslaved women mentioned as concubines of free Iberian or creole men.\u00a0This,\u00a0together with the widespread mentions of \u201cmulatto\u201d individuals of different ages in an array of sources, seems to indicate that White\/Black\u00a0sexual contacts began to occur in the island early on.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Black women, present in La Espa\u00f1ola as early as black men The history of Black women in\u00a0sixteenth-century La Espa\u00f1ola is one of the\u00a0least researched aspects of the early history of Dominican society, and the same may probably be said about the society of the early colonial Americas in general.\u00a0Yet, we have some rough indications about [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-summaries"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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