{"id":3485,"date":"2025-10-27T03:05:11","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T03:05:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/?page_id=3485"},"modified":"2025-10-27T03:07:09","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T03:07:09","slug":"fb-primary-050-manuscript","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-050-manuscript","title":{"rendered":"Manuscript No. 050"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3485\" class=\"elementor elementor-3485\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0c429a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a0c429a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa7a6c9 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"fa7a6c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"262645449\" aria-label=\"<trp-gettext data-trpgettextoriginal=944>Pesta\u00f1as. Abre elementos con Intro o Espacio, ci\u00e9rralos con Escape y navega con las fechas.<\/trp-gettext>\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454491\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454491\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tManuscript \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454492\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454492\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranscription \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454493\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454493\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranslation \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454494\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454494\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCommentary \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454491\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454491\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-6098687 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6098687\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c240f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c240f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Date: \u00a0\u00a0 1544, July 14.\u00a0 Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/strong><br \/><strong>Theme: Maroon and rebel Black slaves in La Espa\u00f1ola were a concern for residents of the city of Santo Domingo in the mid-1540s<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source: Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 62.\u00a0 CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1338125 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"1338125\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Manuscript_043.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Manuscript_043.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454492\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454492\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-b92583e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b92583e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8acfc24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"8acfc24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fb-primary-043-transcription.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/fb-primary-043-transcription.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454493\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454493\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d0ea41c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0ea41c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bf6d73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8bf6d73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>nor he recalls, and that he sees them returning, and whether the aforesaid ones [<em>alcaldes<\/em>] go and have gone to visit their estates and to visit and remedy the nearby land and river banks as to the insurgent Blacks or any crimes that may have occurred in the countryside, as to fires set up by the said Blacks, he does not know and it seems to this witness that for the little there is in this city to do and being that it is the site of residence the\u00a0<em>Real Audiencia<\/em>, who is responsible for all matters, it would be better for the said\u00a0<em>alcaldes<\/em>\u00a0to be out there in the countryside, because of the crimes and insurgent Blacks and other robberies that are done out there rather than being in it [the city], but whether in the said forays they have done undue things he does not know because, as he has said, this witness considers and would consider good that one of the\u00a0<em>alcaldes<\/em>\u00a0were to always walk around out there; it would mean much pacifying for the island and for the denizens of this city and this is what he knows about this question<br \/><br \/>[<em>On the left margin<\/em>: 4<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0] To the fourth question, he said that he does not know more about this question about the fees of the said local judges that take two\u00a0<em>cuartos<\/em>\u00a0for<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2626454494\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2626454494\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-a4d99df e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a4d99df\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a940e90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a940e90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Date: \u00a0\u00a0 1544, July 14.\u00a0 Santo Domingo.<\/strong><br \/><strong>Theme: Maroon and rebel Black slaves in La Espa\u00f1ola were a concern for residents of the city of Santo Domingo in the mid-1540s<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source: Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 62.\u00a0 CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents<\/strong><\/p><p>While giving a deposition in 1544 to the judicial authorities of La Espa\u00f1ola who were conducting an audit-inquiry of the actions of the colonial\u00a0<em>alcaldes<\/em>\u00a0or constables, a witness named Francisco Morales, royal notary of the City Council of Santo Domingo, gave his opinion about the need to have such officials -those with policing responsibilities- spend more time watching for criminal behavior across the island. The witness suggested that an eye be kept on the inland areas rather than mainly on the city of Santo Domingo, where the bulk of the colonial judicial and government institutions were ultimately located and concentrated.<\/p><p>In his comments about the ideal deployment of the local police forces of the time, and to further make his point, the Morales mentioned farms and river beds \u201cnear the rebel Blacks\u201d as well as \u201ccrimes that had occurred in places in the countryside resulting from fire set by the Blacks,\u201d and \u201cthe crimes and uprisings by Blacks and other robberies that are committed out there.\u201d<\/p><p>These depositions constitute clear additional evidence that &#8211;as it has been pointed out by scholars of the history of Black people in colonial La Espa\u00f1ola&#8211; at least in the eyes of some residents of the city of Santo Domingo by the mid 1540s, Black maroons, that is the enslaved Blacks that had run away from their forced work assignments in the plantations, farms, cattle ranches and other places of work in the colony, were responding to the social order of colonial slavery by openly challenging it, using robbery and arson as weapons against those who tried to subject them to the status of objects of work.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Date: \u00a0\u00a0 1544, July 14.\u00a0 Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1olaTheme: Maroon and rebel Black slaves in La Espa\u00f1ola were a concern for residents of the city of Santo Domingo in the mid-1540sSource: Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 62.\u00a0 CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents This browser does not support PDFs. Please [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2721,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3485","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Manuscript No. 050 - First Blacks in The Americas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-050-manuscript\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Manuscript No. 050 - First Blacks in The Americas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Date: \u00a0\u00a0 1544, July 14.\u00a0 Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1olaTheme: Maroon and rebel Black slaves in La Espa\u00f1ola were a concern for residents of the city of Santo Domingo in the mid-1540sSource: Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 62.\u00a0 CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents This browser does not support PDFs. 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