{"id":2850,"date":"2025-08-05T17:00:35","date_gmt":"2025-08-05T17:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/?page_id=2850"},"modified":"2025-09-21T06:02:42","modified_gmt":"2025-09-21T06:02:42","slug":"fb-primary-009-manuscript","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-009-manuscript","title":{"rendered":"Manuscript No. 009"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2850\" class=\"elementor elementor-2850\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8483439 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8483439\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60e8a39 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"60e8a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"101616185\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161851\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161851\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tManuscript \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161852\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161852\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranscription \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161853\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161853\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tTranslation \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161854\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161854\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCommentary \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161855\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161855\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tManuscript &amp; Transcription\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161851\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161851\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-377521a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"377521a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d78d4f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d78d4f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Date: 1505, September 15. Segovia, Spain<\/strong><br \/><strong>Theme: Order from the Spanish Crown to La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s Governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, agreeing\u00a0to send more Black slaves and mandating the enslaved Blacks available in the colony to\u00a0be put to work in the gold mines<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/pares.mcu.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,\u00a0418, L.1, F.180V-181V\u20141\u2014Imagen N\u00fam: 1\/3\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2259d98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"2259d98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Manuscript-009.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Manuscript-009.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161852\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161852\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-63e36f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63e36f2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0670648 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"0670648\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Transcription_009.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Transcription_009.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161853\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161853\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-33ad5ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"33ad5ea\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fd66e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1fd66e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"left\"><strong>Date:\u00a0 \u00a0 1505, September 15. Segovia, Spain<\/strong><br \/><strong>Theme: Order from the Spanish Crown to La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s Governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, agreeing\u00a0to send more Black slaves and mandating the enslaved Blacks available in the colony to\u00a0be put to work in the gold mines<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source: PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,\u00a0418,L.1, F.180V-181V\u20141\u2014Imagen N\u00fam: 1\/3<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td valign=\"top\" width=\"123\"><p>[fo. 180v.]<\/p><p>to\u00a0<em>don frai<\/em>\u00a0Nicolas de\/<\/p><p>Ovando comendador of Calatrava \/<br \/><br \/>that as to sending\/<br \/>the one hundred Blacks\/<br \/>it seems fine\/<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"16\"><p><br \/><br \/>r<br \/><br \/><br \/><br \/><br \/>r<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"499\"><p>The King \/\u00a0<\/p><p><em>Don<\/em>\u00a0Fray Nicolas Ovando my governor of the islands and mainland of the ocean sea, I received your letter and everything you say in it is well done and I value your service in the good care and diligence that you have and put in the things of the good management and governing of the island and administration of its treasury.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p><p>As to what you say that more Black slaves be sent, it seems to me that it is fine and I have even determined to send up to one hundred Black slaves for them to collect gold for me, and with every ten of them must go a security person who should have some part of the gold that is found and that the slaves should be promised that if they were to work well that they will be freed within certain time; and that way I think that they will be profitable; you should provide those that are there so that they work in collecting gold in this manner so as to see how they do it, and keep me informed about it\u201d<br \/><br \/>[\u2026]<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td valign=\"top\" width=\"123\"><p>[fo. 181v.]<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"16\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/td><td valign=\"top\" width=\"499\"><p>[\u2026]\u00a0<\/p><p>[\u2026] from the city of Segovia\/<br \/>On fifteen days of the month of September of year five hundred and five \/<br \/>I the King\u00a0 per the mandate of the king my lord G<em>as<\/em>par de Grisio \/\u00a0<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161854\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161854\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-40a832d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"40a832d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0c7a75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0c7a75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"left\"><strong>Date: 1505, September 15. Segovia, Spain<\/strong><br \/><strong>Theme: Order from the Spanish Crown to La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s Governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, agreeing\u00a0to send more Black slaves and mandating the enslaved Blacks available in the colony to\u00a0be put to work in the gold mines<\/strong><br \/><strong>Source: PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,\u00a0418,L.1, F.180V-181V\u20141\u2014Imagen N\u00fam: 1\/3\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>This document shows a number of situations that by September 1505 pertained to the population of Black African descent in La Espa\u00f1ola: 1) There were an undetermined number of Black slaves already working in the new colony. 2) Colonial governor of La Espa\u00f1ola Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, in a prior communication and for undetermined reasons, had abandoned his apprehensions about the presence or numbers of enslaved Blacks in the colony, having requested the Crown that more Black slaves be allowed into La Espa\u00f1ola.\u00a0 3) The king of Spain wanted whatever slaves there were in the colony to be allocated to the local gold mining efforts. 4) The king had decided to send to La Espa\u00f1ola an additional one hundred Black slaves with the specific purpose of collecting gold for the Crown in the island\u2019s mines. 5) The king ordered that a guard be assigned to accompany every ten slaves working in the mines and that his salary be withdrawn from the gold found. 6) The king wanted these mine slaves to be offered future manumission in exchange for an undetermined number or years of work, as a mechanism to encourage their productivity in the mining labor.<br \/><br \/>Altogether, this source shows that clearly by 1505 the Spanish Crown had decided to employ forced Black African labor to fulfill its paramount economic need for gold, and to implement the submission of Black laborers to colonial slavery through a combination of tight enforcement, in the form of overseers, and psychological manipulation, in the form of an explicit though vague promise of future manumission. Both strategies ultimately show how keenly aware those at the top o the Spanish empire were about how highly valued freedom was for the Black African population subjected to enslavement in La Espa\u00f1ola, both as an immediate status sought for in daily life, as well as a long-term cherished existential goal.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1016161855\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1016161855\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-90715a4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"90715a4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b46d88d elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b46d88d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe src=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Manuscript-Transcription-009.pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600px\" style=\"border: none;\">\n    This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: <a href=\"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Manuscript-Transcription-009.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a>.\n<\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Manuscript &amp; Transcription Date: 1505, September 15. Segovia, SpainTheme: Order from the Spanish Crown to La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s Governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, agreeing\u00a0to send more Black slaves and mandating the enslaved Blacks available in the colony to\u00a0be put to work in the gold minesSource:\u00a0PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2721,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2850","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Manuscript No. 009 - First Blacks in The Americas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-009-manuscript\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Manuscript No. 009 - First Blacks in The Americas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Manuscript Transcription Translation Commentary Manuscript &amp; Transcription Date: 1505, September 15. 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