{"id":2721,"date":"2025-04-08T02:06:30","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T02:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/firstblacks.org\/?page_id=2721"},"modified":"2026-11-13T08:10:49","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T08:10:49","slug":"manuscripts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts","title":{"rendered":"Manuscripts"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2721\" class=\"elementor elementor-2721\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21e7a1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"21e7a1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95d881d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"95d881d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Manuscripts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76f55f6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"76f55f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-942975e elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"942975e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><ul class=\"fbmg-grid fbmg-grid-manuscripts\" data-per-page=\"16\" style=\"--fbmg-cols:4;--fbmg-thumb:150px;--fbmg-aspect:11 \/ 16\"><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-001-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1497, July 22nd. Medina del Campo, Spain.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Decree by the Catholic Monarchs granting lands to the early settlers of La Espa\u00f1ola for the cultivation of certain crops and under certain conditions, including sugarcanes. Sugar production in Iberian possesions at the time was mostly based on Black enslaved labor<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, Patronato,295,No. 38, y Archivo General de Simancas,CCA,DIV,6,1-Im\u00e1genes N\u00fam: 109\/84 y 110\/84. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Paleographic Transcription This browser does not support PDFs. Please downl\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-001-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-001-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-001-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 001<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1497, July 22nd<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-002-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Recommended tax rate on sugar for La Espa\u00f1ola as part of an early colonial proposed tax regime. Sugar production in Iberian posessions at the time was associated with enslaved Black labor<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,418,L.1-113- Imagen N\u00fam: 112 \/378 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 115\/378. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download the manuscript facsimile (PDF). Paleographic Transcription This browser does not support PDFs. Please down\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-002-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-002-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-002-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 002<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">Possibly 1501\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-003-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1500. La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A free young Black man, named Juan Moreno or Juan Prieto, who worked as Christopher Columbus\u2019 servant in La Espa\u00f1ola, is considered the first Black person on record to arrive in the Americas since 1492.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Espa\u00f1a. Ministerio de Cultura, Educaci\u00f3n y Deporte, Archivo General de Simancas, INC. 13, 1ra. Parte, fo. 13v.- 21r., 2da. Parte, fo. 4v.- 5r.Note: This translation is based on a transcription donated by paleographer and archivist Isabel Aguirre Landa. An earlier version was published in Consuelo Varela: La ca\u00edda de C\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-003-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-003-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-003-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 003<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1500<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-004-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1501, September 5. Granada, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Agreement between the Crown and citizen Luis de Arriaga to lead settler expedition into La Espa\u00f1ola. The agreement prohibited the residence in the colony of individuals \u201cbanished\u201d from the Spanish kingdoms and those who had been \u201cJews or Moors or Reconciled\u201d<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.1 \u2013 59 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 58 \/ 378, fol. 34v. Your browser can&#039;t display this embedded PDF. Download the manuscript facsimile (PDF) Paleographic Transcription Your browser can&#039;t display this embedded PDF. Download the paleographic transcriptio\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-004-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-004-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-004-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 004<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1501, September 5<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-005-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1501, September 16, Granada<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> By 1501 enslaved Blacks raised in Spain were already seen as a convenient labor force for the Spanish colonization of the Americas, but non Christianized Blacks were banned<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE, 418, L.1, F. 41V This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. that no converts or heretics or Moors or Jews go to th\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-005-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-005-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-005-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 005<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1501, September 16, Granada<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-006-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1518, March 2. Valladolid<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> License by the Spanish Crown authorizing colonial treasury official Crist\u00f3bal Tapia to hire and bring to the colony up to ten technicians of any nationality to build a sugar mill, as well as fifteen male Black slaves and two female Black slaves.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,419,L.7, F.697V-698R This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1518, March 2. Valladolid.Theme: License by th\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-006-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-006-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-006-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 006<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1518, March 2<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-007-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1503, March 29. Zaragoza, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Enslaved Blacks began to resist slavery practically since they arrived in La Espa\u00f1ola, by running away<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,418 L.1, 100R- 102V This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1501, October 16. Seville, SpainTheme: A black\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-007-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-007-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-007-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 007<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1503, March 29<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-008-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1504, February 15. Medina del Campo, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Order by the Catholic Kings refusing to allow the free importation of slaves into La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.1 \u2013 Im\u00e1genes N\u00fam: 249\/378, 250\/ 378 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1504, February 15. Medin\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-008-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-008-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-008-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 008<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1504, February 15<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-009-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1505, September 15. Segovia, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Order from the Spanish Crown to La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s Governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, agreeing to send more Black slaves and mandating the enslaved Blacks available in the colony to be put to work in the gold mines<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE, 418, L.1, F.180V-181V\u20141\u2014Imagen N\u00fam: 1\/3 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1505, September 15. Sego\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-009-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-009-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-009-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 009<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1505, September 15<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-010-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1505, May 10. Medina del Campo, Espa\u00f1a<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The Spanish Crown acknowledges receiving a request for two bellows for smithies and for twenty enslaved Blacks from La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s colonial governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, and orders officials of the Casa de la Contrataci\u00f3n to send the said items in the first available vessels<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE, 418, L.1, F. 130V-131R-2- Imagen N\u00fam: 2\/2 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1504, May 10. Medina de\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-010-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-010-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-010-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 010<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1505, May 10<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-011-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1505, November 20. Segovia, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> License from the Crown to La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s colonial treasurer Juan de Joara, authorizing him to take a female Black slave from Spain to La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.1,F.187v. \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 369 \/ 378 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1504, May 10. Medina del C\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-011-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-011-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-011-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 011<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1505, November 20<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-012-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1511, October 23 or 24<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Royal order mandating that Pedro de Ledesma be paid his salary for piloting a vessel that took a cargo of enslaved Blacks to La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.3, F.181V-182R \u2013 1 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 1 \/ 2 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not suppor\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-012-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-012-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-012-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 012<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1511, October 23 or 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-013-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1513, March 14. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A freed Black woman and her son, Black as well, obtain license to travel to the Indies after presenting their deed of freedom before the authorities of Seville<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, CONTRATACI\u00d3N, 5536, L.1, \u2013 117 Recto \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 233\/524 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not sup\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-013-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-013-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-013-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 013<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1513, March 14<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-014-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1515, June 15. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Royal license issued to Francisco de Esquivel to ship six \u201cBlack slaves that are Christian\u201d from Seville to La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,419,L.5,F.419V \u2013 1-Imagen N\u00fam 1\/1 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Pl\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-014-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-014-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-014-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 014<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1515, June 15<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-015-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1518, January 22. [Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola]<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> An early colonial official in La Espa\u00f1ola stressed the importance of enslaved Blacks as labor force and proposed a triangular trans-Atlantic open trade to supply them to the colony<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos, Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, PATRONATO, 174, R. 8 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF t\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-015-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-015-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-015-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 015<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1518, January 22<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-016-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1504, August 26. Medina del Campo, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Since early on in the colonization of La Espa\u00f1ola, there was an interest for including Black women among the enslaved Black population being sent to the new colony<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,418,L.1,F.132R.-133R. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please downlo\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-016-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-016-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-016-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 016<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1504, August 26<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-017-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1519, City of Santo Domingo<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Amputation of the tips of some toes to three enslaved Blacks in Santo Domingo City, as punishment for a homicide they had been convicted of<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 43. N\u00famero 1, fos. 71r. (lxxi), 71v., 74v. (lxxiiiio), 75r. (lxxv), 110r., 111r. (cxi), 124v., 125v., 386r. (ccclxxxo vi), 392r. (cccxcii), and 393r. (cccxciii). This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs.\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-017-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-017-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-017-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 017<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1519, City of Santo Domingo<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-018-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1520, August 20. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Colonial treasury officials of Santo Domingo complained that Iberian settlers of La Espa\u00f1ola suffered from a lack of an open, free-trade-based commercial supply of enslaved Black laborers and requested that colonists be allowed to import as many slaves as they considered necessary<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, PATRONATO,174,R.24 F. 121R.-124V, \u2013 1 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 5 \/ 12 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not sup\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-018-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-018-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-018-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 018<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1520, August 20<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-019-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-019-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-019-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-019-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 019<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-020-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1522, November 13. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Royal order to the Audiencia of Santo Domingo saying that many ship captains and sailors are taking slaves to La Espa\u00f1ola without licenses. It also mandates that an inventory is made of the slaves arrived in L.E. in those circumstances.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,420,L.9 \u2013 107 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 101 \/ 484 \u2014 Imagen N\u00fam: 103 \/ 484 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This brows\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-020-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-020-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-020-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 020<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1522, November 13<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-021-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1523, December 27. Pamplona, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> News about additional uprisings by Black slaves in La Espa\u00f1ola less than two years after the 1521 rebellion.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, PATRONATO,20,N.2,R.2 \u2013 1-Imagen N\u00fam: 1 \/ 4 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Pleas\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-021-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-021-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-021-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 021<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1523, December 27<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-022-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1527, June 28. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Worried by the presence in La Espa\u00f1ola of a population of enslaved Black men much larger than that of the white colonists and who might attempt to rebel against the latter, king Charles V mandated the carrying of enslaved Black women to the colony, and the promotion of marriage among \u201cBlacks\u201d<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,421,L.12,F.151R- 152R This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-022-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-022-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-022-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 022<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1527, June 28<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-023-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1527, October 24. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The members of the City Council of Santo Domingo City wanted the Crown to allow them to access a free international market of enslaved Blacks as a means to acquire them at cheaper prices or to be sold the slaves under credit<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, PATRONATO,174,R.40 1\u2013Imagen N\u00fam: 1 \/ 19. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-023-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-023-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-023-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 023<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1527, October 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-024-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1528, April 6. Madrid, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> While the fleeing by enslaved Blacks away from the mines and farms of La Espa\u00f1ola generated great concern to the Spanish Crown, in the colony an acrimonious dispute erupted between the colonial Governor Diego Col\u00f3n and the oidores of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo about the need for a constable to prosecute the \u201cBlacks\u201d<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,PATRONATO, 295, No.89. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1528, April 6. Madrid, La Es\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-024-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-024-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-024-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 024<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1528, April 6<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-025-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1528, March 30. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Authorities of La Espa\u00f1ola stressed the importance of enslaved Black labor and well-to-do colonists requested tax-free importing of slaves to avoid depopulation of the colony<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, PATRONATO,172,R.35. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to v\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-025-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-025-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-025-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 025<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1528, March 30<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-026-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1530, April 10. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Around 1530 in Santo Domingo, a female Black slave was burned at the stake accused of poisoning her female mistress<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES,Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias,SANTO_DOMINGO,49,R.1, N.2 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-026-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-026-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-026-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 026<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1530, April 10<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-027-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1536, November 20. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The Spanish Crown authorized the two Black slave servants of Santo Domingo\u2019s fortress commander Gonzalo Fern\u00e1ndez de Oviedo to carry offensive and defensive weapons while walking next to him and not otherwise<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO,868, L.1,F.14V-15R This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1536, November 20. Valladolid.Theme: The Span\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-027-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-027-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-027-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 027<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1536, November 20<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-028-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1545, April 24. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The king orders that both enslaved Berbers and free descendants or Moors with trades that already resided in La Espa\u00f1ola be allowed to stay in the colony, provided that an inventory is made of all of them, while no new people of this type should be permitted in the future.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO,868, L.2-238,Recto, 241,Recto, 241,Verso,243 Recto \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam:475\/766, 481\/766, 482\/766, 85\/766 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the P\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-028-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-028-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-028-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 028<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1545, April 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-029-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1537, February 3. [Valladolid?], Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Royal letter from king Charles V of Spain to the oidores or judges of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo ordering them to stop allowing judicial appeals submitted to the Council of the Indies against the Audiencia\u2019s sentences by Indians and Blacks of La Espa\u00f1ola condemned to the death penalty or dismemberment or torture by the Audiencia, and to act as court of appeals of those same cases.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO, 868, L.1,F.14V-15R. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1537, February 3. [Valladolid?], Spain.Them\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-029-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-029-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-029-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 029<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1537, February 3<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-030-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1537, February 3. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In the late 1530s the Spanish Crown tried to expedite the application of the death penalty against the Blacks that were rebelling in La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_ DOMINGO, 868, L.1,F.33R-34V This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1537, February 3. Valladolid. Theme: Respon\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-030-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-030-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-030-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 030<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1537, February 3<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-031-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1538, April 8. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Within the rural district of Santo Domingo City there were some areas with populations of 100 Spaniards and 600 \u201cBlacks and Indians,\u201d while sugar estates had about 100 individuals of the same categories and there was a need for constables there to prosecute and punish crimes.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013 Archivo General de ndias,SANTO_DOMINGO,868,L.1, Imagen N\u00fam: 258\/588 \u2013 259\/588,F.125V- 126R. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1538, April \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-031-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-031-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-031-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 031<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1538, April 8<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-032-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1538, April 10. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Comment by the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo on the use of enslaved Black labor in the construction of the main defensive structures of Santo Domingo City.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO,49, R.9,N.59 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-032-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-032-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-032-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 032<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1538, April 10<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-033-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1539, September 3. [Seville] Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Catalina Fern\u00e1ndez, a Black freedwoman residing in Seville, obtained the license to travel to Santo Domingo in La Espa\u00f1ola with her daughter Francisca de Castilla, apparently a freed person as well.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, CONTRATACION, 5536,L.5, F.197R This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1539, September 3. [Seville?] Spain. Theme: Ca\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-033-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-033-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-033-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 033<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1539, September 3<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-034-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1545, April 24. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In a letter-instruction from Prince Phillip of Spain to a Crown\u2019s envoy-auditor (and designated oidor) sent to Santo Domingo, the prince approved the selling to the City of eighteen (Black) slaves owned by the Crown and the sending of a military squad to fight two groups of maroons roaming in La Espa\u00f1ola, both occurred the year before; recommended the issuing of ordinances regulating the treatment of slaves by masters; and okayed a local discussion about freeing or deporting ladino or creole enslaved Blacks due to their fixation with obtaining liberty and their inclination to incite non-ladin\u2026<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO,868,L.2-245 Recto\u2013Imagen N\u00fam:489\/766 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1545, April 24. Valladolid, Spain.Theme: In a letter-ins\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-034-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-034-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-034-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 034<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1545, April 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-035-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1545, April 24. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Communication from Spain\u2019s Prince Phillip to oidor (auditor judge) Alonso Cerrato expressing concern about uprisings of maroon blacks, the attacks they have conducted against villages and rural areas of the center and north of the island, the fear this has generated among the Spanish settlers of those areas, and the need to exert \u201cgreat punishment and constraint\u201d on them so they remain obedient to their masters. In his message the Prince also referred to some communities of indians reportedly still being enslaved in the island<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO, 868,L.2-250 Recto-Imagen N\u00fam:499\/766 \u2013 251 Recto-Imagen N\u00fam: 501\/766 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF.\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-035-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-035-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-035-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 035<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1545, April 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-036-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1553, December 5. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A young man of Black complexion from Santo Domingo studying in Seville, decides to return to Santo Domingo<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, Contrataci\u00f3n, 5217B,N.9,R.15 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Miguel de TorquemadaSwore on the fifth of December 1603\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-036-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-036-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-036-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 036<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1553, December 5<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-037-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1558, October 8. Santo Domingo City<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In 1558 Santo Domingo, the local prison kept slave and non-slave, Black and non-Black, men and women detainees within the same building complex<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 102B, fo.1550v. CUNY DSI Dominican Colonial Documents Collection. v Y\u00f1igo Lopez \u00c7amudio, without shackles ___ \/ v Pablos [sic], mestizo, with shackles ___\/ v The said Juan de Triana, with shackles ___\/ v Lope Ortis guard, with shackles ___\/ v Gon\u00e7alo Dias resident of Azua, without s\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-037-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-037-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-037-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 037<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1558, October 8<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-038-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1575, December 14. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> After serving for more than ten years to two female mistresses in Seville, Spain, a young female Black slave born in Santo Domingo City was granted freedom by her second mistress and, a few years later, requested license to travel back to the Americas.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, Contrataci\u00f3n 5222, N.4, R.70 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1575, December 14. Seville, Spain. Theme: After s\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-038-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-038-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-038-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 038<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1575, December 14<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-039-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1579, April 22. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In the late 1570s colonial royal prosecutor of La Espa\u00f1ola Gaspar de Torres recommended the importing of large amounts of enslaved Blacks at affordable prices to work in the gold mines of the colony, together with an end of the trade monopoly by Seville, as keys to the survival of the colony and as an alternative to the widespread illegal trade that diminished the Crown\u2019s local revenues<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO, 51,R. 2, N. 34 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download th\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-039-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-039-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-039-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 039<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1579, April 22<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-040-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1594, October 9<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A Black African man sold as a slave by French smugglers on La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s northern coast claimed a right to freedom based on his African original social status of nobility<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Escriban\u00eda, 17B, fo.1v.-3r., CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. [On the left marg\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-040-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-040-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-040-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 040<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1594, October 9<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-041-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1510, January 22. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The king of Spain ordered colonial governor of La Espa\u00f1ola Diego Col\u00f3n to try to expand to the maximum the number of workers assigned to dig gold, including all the \u201cslaves\u201d that the king had in the island. He also promised to reiterate immediately a prior order to have 50 \u201cslaves\u201d sent to the island for the same purpose<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.2,F.98R.-98V. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1510, January 22. Valladolid, Spain. Theme: The king of Spain ordered colonial governor of La Espa\u00f1ola Diego Col\u00f3n to try to expand \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-041-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-041-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-041-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 041<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1510, January 22<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-042-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1510, January 22. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The King of Spain reiterated a prior order to the Casa de la Contrataci\u00f3n for the sending of 50 \u201cslaves\u201d to La Espa\u00f1ola to work in the extraction of gold for the Crown<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.2,F.98V.-99R. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1510, January 22. Valladolid, Spain. Theme: Th\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"204\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-042-manuscript-thumb-4-204x300.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-042-manuscript-thumb-4-204x300.jpg 204w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-042-manuscript-thumb-4-696x1024.jpg 696w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-042-manuscript-thumb-4-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-042-manuscript-thumb-4.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 042<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1510, January 22<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-043-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1519. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> According to a settler called to testify, some enslaved Blacks owned by a politically powerful master were able to literally get away with murder<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 43, Ramo 4, fos. 42v. (xlii)\u201444r. (xliiii), CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-043-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-043-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-043-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 043<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1519<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-044-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1555 August 13 \u2013 1556, May 30. City of Santo Domingo.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A Portuguese ship that arrived in the port of Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola, with a cargo of enslaved Black Africans and without a Spanish shipping license; they were seized by the local colonial authorities and sold at an auction of Santo Domingo, and different social types from the city went to buy them.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 103-A, CUNY DSI Dominican Colonial Documents Collection.Smuggling European manufactured goods and enslaved Africans into La Espa\u00f1ola became an increasingly frequent practice throughout the second half of the sixteenth century, nurtured and justified by the local scarcity of metropol\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-044-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-044-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-044-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 044<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1555 August 13 \u2013 1556, May 30<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-045-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1528, February 15. Burgos, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The Spanish Crown requested information from La Espa\u00f1ola on the enslaved Blacks reportedly sent already \u201cto those islands as well as to Tierra Firme\u201d under the contract with the Governor of Bresa, and acknowledged receiving requests from the colonists to send the totality of the 4,000 slaves contracted. The king approved a ban reportedly established by the colonial officials against the importing of \u201cfree Blacks\u201d and \u201cladinos\u201d since they were considered inciters of rebellions and \u201cother damaging things.\u201d He also nullified a prior order to allow enslaved Blacks to buy their freedom. And he com\u2026<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, Indiferente,421, L.13, f.7r-10v. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1528, February 15. Burgos, Spain Theme: The Spanish\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-045-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-045-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-045-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 045<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1528, February 15<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-046-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1544, July 7, and 1545, April 24, July 7 and July 24.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Enslaved Blacks registered or embarked by passengers on ships travelling from Seville to the Indies<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, CONTRATACION,1079, F.521V.-523R. CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser d\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-046-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-046-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-046-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 046<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1544, July 7, and 1545, April 24, July 7 and July 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-047-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-047-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-047-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-047-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 047<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-048-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1556, February. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Deposition by a Black African enslaved man named Antonio<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 103A, CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1556, February. Santo Dom\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-048-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-048-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-048-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 048<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1556, February<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-049-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1605, May 12. Santo Domingo.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Inventory of property of Captain Ger\u00f3nimo Ag\u00fcero Bardeci, including black household slaves, seized by orders from the President of the Audiencia, Antonio Osorio in Santo Domingo, 1605<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Escriban\u00eda 3-A, CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection[On the left margin: 8 slaves] r Item a wooden box r Item a chest from Castille r Item another ammunition harquebus with its bottles r Item a pair of breeches made of old camel skin r Item two bed mattres\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-049-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-049-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-049-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 049<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1605, May 12<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-050-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1544, July 14. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Maroon and rebel Black slaves in La Espa\u00f1ola were a concern for residents of the city of Santo Domingo in the mid-1540s<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 62. CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. nor he recalls, and that he sees them returni\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-050-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-050-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-050-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 050<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1544, July 14<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-051-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1557, January 24. Santo Domingo City.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A female Black slave testified as witness against a Spanish or criollo settler accused of rape against a Mestizo young girl in Santo Domingo City<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 103B, F. 3874R. \u2013 3875R.,CUNY DSI Dominican Colonial Documents Collection [fo. 3874r.] In the very noble and very loyal city of \/ Santo Domingo of the port of \/ the Espa\u00f1ola island of the Indies \/ of the Ocean Sea, Sunday, twenty four days of the month \/ of January, year of the birt\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-051-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-051-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-051-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 051<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1557, January 24<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-052-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1514, October 18. Valbuena, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> License for bishop Pedro Su\u00e1rez de Deza to ship from Seville to La Espa\u00f1ola ten slaves to work in the construction of the church at the village of La Concepci\u00f3n or at others in its diocese<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE, 419, L.5, F. 275V This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1514, October 18. Valbuena, Spain.Theme: Licens\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"204\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-204x300.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-204x300.jpg 204w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-696x1024.jpg 696w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-768x1129.jpg 768w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-1044x1536.jpg 1044w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-1393x2048.jpg 1393w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-052-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 1700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 052<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1514, October 18<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-053-01-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1575, December 16. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Public auction of enslaved Africans seized from a Portuguese slave ship after arriving in La Espa\u00f1ola from Africa without a valid Spanish trading license<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> AGI, Escriban\u00eda de C\u00e1mara,1-A, fos. 574v.\u2014627v. CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1575, December 16. S\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-053-01-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-053-01-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-053-01-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 053<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-parts\">(11 parts)<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1575, December 16<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-054-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1519, September 15. [Santo Domingo,] La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A \u201cwhite slave\u201d was reportedly brought to La Espa\u00f1ola by a ship captain and bought by Audiencia judge or oidor Alonso Zuazo, according to a complaint presented during the juicio de residencia or administrative audit trial of Zuazo and other Santo Domingo\u2019s colonial officials<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia 43, N\u00famero 1, fos. lxxi (71r.) \u2013 lxxiiiio (74r.). CUNY DSI Dominican Colonial Documents Collection This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-054-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-054-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-054-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 054<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1519, September 15<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-055-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1547, April 30. Madrid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In a letter to the Audiencia of Santo Domingo, the Spanish Crown referred to the reportedly irregular work behavior of local cowboys or cattle ranch workers of La Espa\u00f1ola. It is very likely that these cowboys were enslaved Black Africans or their La Espa\u00f1ola-born descendants.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGxdO,868,L.2,Fo. 342v.-344v. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1547, April 30. Madrid, Spain.Theme: I\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-055-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-055-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-055-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 055<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1547, April 30<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-056-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1518, January 26. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In a letter to the Crown, La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s oidor and governor Alonso Zuazo criticized the fears about potential rebellions by enslaved Blacks, boasting of how his harsh style of ruling, with severe punishments, had reportedly stopped the stealing and the running away by Blacks in this Spanish colony<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, PATRONATO, 174, R. 8,F.50R,52R-52V,55V. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-056-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-056-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-056-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 056<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1518, January 26<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-057-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1594, October 21 [Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola]<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Testimony about the smuggling of black slaves near Bayaj\u00e1, village on the Banda del Norte, in La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias,Escriban\u00eda de C\u00e1mara 17-A. CUNY DSI Dominican Colonial Documents Collection Increasingly from the mid-sixteenth-century onwards, with La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s alluvial gold mines exhausted and a very small indigenous population available to be cheaply subjected to forced labor, the settlers resorted to \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-057-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-057-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-057-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 057<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1594, October 21 [Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola]<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-058-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1568-1572, approximately. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Opinions of local royal prosecutor Santiago del Riego about the need for additional enslaved labor and other pending issues in La Espa\u00f1ola as shared in a letter to the Crown.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, Patronato, 173, N.2, R6. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. [On the left margin: Blacks] ~ but because the main task de\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-058-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-058-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-058-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 058<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1568-1572, approximately<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-059-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1527, June 28. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Spanish king Charles V says many Black slaves are being carried to La Espa\u00f1ola without the royal license, being introduced \u201csecretly\u201d or abusing the number of slaves allowed by each license.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,421,L.12 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1527, June 28. Valladolid, Spain.Theme: Spanish king Char\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-059-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-059-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-059-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 059<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1527, June 28<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-060-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1497-1501<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Somewhere between 1497 and 1501, a Black woman in the early village of Santo Domingo established the first hospital-like healing site of the colonial Americas.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles \u2014 Archivo General de Indias,SANTO_DOMINGO, 93, R.6. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. The Archbishop of Santo DomingoResponds to the content on t\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"189\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-060-manuscript-thumb-1-189x300.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-060-manuscript-thumb-1-189x300.jpg 189w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-060-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-060-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 189px) 100vw, 189px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 060<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1497-1501<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-061-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1527, July 20. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In a letter to Mar\u00eda de Toledo, vicereine of La Espa\u00f1ola, the Spanish King (Charles V) mentions a previous information received from the vicereine about an uprising of Blacks and natives.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,421,L.12, F.175V-176R-1 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 1 \/ 2 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1527, July 20. Vallado\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-061-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-061-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-061-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 061<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1527, July 20<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-062-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1553<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In 1553, residents of Santo Domingo still remembered how Black maroon leader Sebasti\u00e1n Lemba\u2019s head was exhibited in the city\u2019s public square<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo General de Indias, Justicia, 76, fo. 1593v., CUNY Dominican Studies Institute Dominican Colonial Documents Collection. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. as the question says\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-062-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-062-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-062-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 062<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1553<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-063-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1555<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In 1555, a slave ship arrived in Santo Domingo loaded with branded Black Africans and sugar crates<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Espa\u00f1a. Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte. Archivo General de Indias, ES.41091.AGI\/24.3.64\/\/JUSTICIA,103A This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1555Theme: In 1555, a slav\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-063-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-063-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-063-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 063<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1555<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-064-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1527, June 28. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In a letter to Mar\u00eda de Toledo, vicerein of La Espa\u00f1ola, the Spanish King (Charles V) mentions a previous information received from the vicerein about an uprising of Blacks and natives in La Espa\u00f1ola.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2014Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,421,L.12, F.135R-135V-2-Imagen N\u00fam: 2 \/ 2 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1527, June 28. Valladoli\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-064-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-064-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-064-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 064<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1527, June 28<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-065-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1511, July 21. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> King Ferdinand expresses concern and perplexity in regards to death of \u201cBlacks\u201d in La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles\u2013Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE,418,L.3 \u2013 201 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 186 \/ 709. F.88R.-89R. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date: 1511, July 21. Seville, Spain. Theme: King Ferdinand expresses concern and perplexity in regards to d\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-065-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-065-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-065-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 065<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1511, July 21<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-066-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1511, July 6.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> The King approves the proposal to move \u201cIndians and slaves\u201d away from the San Crist\u00f3bal\u2019s mines that were not yielding the expected gold output.<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE, 418,L.3 \u2013 192 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 177\/709 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-066-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-066-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-066-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 066<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1511, July 6<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-067-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1509, May 3. Valladolid, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> In a letter from the Spanish monarchs responding to a prior one from La Espa\u00f1ola\u2019s governor Nicol\u00e1s de Ovando, they prohibited the entrance into the Indies to foreigners and descendants of the \u201cburnt ones.\u201d This prohibition probably implied as well the concern expressed in prior communication as to the possible presence of non-Christian Black slaves<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles, Archivo General de Indias,INDIFERENTE,418,L.2 \u2013 35 \u2013 Imagen N\u00fam: 25 \/ 369 This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. \u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-067-manuscript-thumb.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-067-manuscript-thumb.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-067-manuscript-thumb-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 067<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1509, May 3<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-068-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1501, October 16. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> A Black man named Pedro was hired in Seville as a servant to work for two years in La Espa\u00f1ola digging for gold or whatever else he is assigned to do by his employer, in exchange for a salary and lodging, meals and beverage during the period of the contract<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> Archivo Hist\u00f3rico Provincial de Sevilla\u2014Protocolos Notariales, 9101P, Libro Unico, fo. 604ro-604vo, Oficio 15, Escribano P\u00fablico: Bernal Gonz\u00e1lez Vallecillo This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Down\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-068-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-068-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-068-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 068<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1501, October 16<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-069-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1580, July 2. Seville, Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Mar\u00eda de Cota, freed Black woman from Santo Domingo, requests royal license to travel from Seville to La Espa\u00f1ola with her three-year old daughter<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles--Archivo General de Indias, INDIFERENTE, 2060,N. 10.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-069-manuscript-thumb.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-069-manuscript-thumb.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-069-manuscript-thumb-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 069<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1580, July 2<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-070-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1538, April 10. Santo Domingo, La Espa\u00f1ola<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> When it came to piratical attacks against La Espa\u00f1ola by vessels from Spain\u2019s imperial enemies, the local enslaved Black population was at much risk as the free Spanish or creole population of the areas under assault, since they would be treated by the attackers as chattel to be stolen or kidnapped to be exchanged for a ransom<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> PARES, Portal de Archivos Espa\u00f1oles--Archivo General de Indias, SANTO_DOMINGO, 49,R.9,N.59<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-070-manuscript-thumb.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-070-manuscript-thumb.jpg 200w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-070-manuscript-thumb-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 070<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1538, April 10<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li class=\"fbmg-item\"><a class=\"fbmg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/en\/manuscripts\/fb-primary-071-manuscript\"><span class=\"fbmg-tip fbmg-tip-manuscripts\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Date:<\/strong> 1492<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Theme:<\/strong> Young black man Juan Portugu\u00e9s (\u201cJohn The Portuguese\u201d) arrives in La Espa\u00f1ola with Christopher Columbus in his first trip to the Americas. The information is contained in a statement given by Juan Portugu\u00e9s in 1516 at Santa Mar\u00eda del Dari\u00e9n (today\u2019s Colombia)<\/span><span class=\"fbmg-row\"><strong>Source:<\/strong> \u2018Probanza del Fiscal, Santa Mar\u00eda de la Antigua, 30 de octubre de 1515,\u2019 in Pleitos Colombinos. IV- Probanzas del Fiscal (1512-1515), Ed. by Antonio Muro Orej\u00f3n. Seville: Escuela de Estudios Hispanoamericanos, 1989, p. 287-308. This browser does not support PDFs. Please download the PDF to view it: Download PDF. Date:\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-thumb\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"195\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-071-manuscript-thumb-1-195x300.jpg\" class=\"fbmg-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-071-manuscript-thumb-1-195x300.jpg 195w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-071-manuscript-thumb-1-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/firstblacks.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/fb-primary-071-manuscript-thumb-1.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 195px) 100vw, 195px\" \/><\/span><span class=\"fbmg-caption\">Manuscript No. 071<\/span><strong class=\"fbmg-date\">1492<\/strong><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manuscripts<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2721","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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